In December, Google researchers unveiled a significant development in quantum computing with their processor named Willow, which has the capability to perform a standard benchmark computation in under five minutes. In a blog post, the researchers highlighted that this computation would take one of today’s most powerful supercomputers an unfathomable 10 septillion years, a number that far surpasses the current age of the universe. The announcement has sparked considerable interest in the potential applications of quantum technology, although practical uses remain limited at this time.
Developed over a span of five years, Willow exemplifies the transformative capabilities of quantum computing. Unlike traditional computers that operate using binary digital bits (1s and 0s), quantum computers employ qubits, which can represent 1s, 0s, or any mixture of both simultaneously. This fundamental difference allows quantum machines to tackle complex calculations more efficiently. However, the accuracy of quantum systems can decline as additional qubits are utilised. Notably, Willow’s architecture has shown promise in maintaining reliability as the number of qubits increases.
The implications of this technology are vast. Quantum computing is anticipated to revolutionise various sectors, leading to breakthroughs in areas such as medicine through the discovery of new cures, advancements in the design of more efficient electric vehicle batteries, and optimisation of logistics and supply chains. Moreover, these computers could potentially facilitate the long-sought goal of creating clean energy through nuclear fusion and significantly enhance weather forecasting methods.
Despite the optimism associated with this technological advancement, experts caution that quantum computers will likely require millions of qubits to fully realise their potential in addressing real-world challenges. Presently, Willow operates with 105 qubits, a figure that many agree may not be sufficient for critical problem-solving activities in business and society. Additionally, the functioning of qubits necessitates extremely low operational temperatures, highlighting the need for advanced materials and sophisticated setup, which could lead to increased costs, particularly for major tech firms like Google, as demand scales up.
Furthermore, the advent of quantum computing brings forth a suite of regulatory and ethical dilemmas. With the power to render current cryptographic systems obsolete, quantum technology poses risks such as unregulated surveillance and numerous other unforeseen challenges that might accompany its widespread adoption. As these discussions unfold, the business landscape is poised for significant changes driven by this emerging technology.
Source: Noah Wire Services